NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 1: Resources & Development

CBSE Class 10 Social Science resource and development notes in PDF

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Are you struggling with Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 – Resources and Development? Look no further! This comprehensive guide provides detailed NCERT solutions, MCQs with answers, and expert explanations to help you ace your exams.

Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 NCERT Solutions

MCQs – Q1: Choose the Correct Option

  1. Which type of resource is iron ore?

    • (a) Renewable

    • (b) Biotic

    • (c) Flow

    • (d) Non-renewable ✅

    Explanation: Iron ore is a non-renewable resource as it takes millions of years to form and cannot be replenished quickly.

  2. Under which category does tidal energy fall?

    • (a) Replenishable ✅

    • (b) Abiotic

    • (c) Human-made

    • (d) Non-recyclable

    Explanation: Tidal energy is replenishable because it is renewed by natural processes like ocean tides.

  3. What is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?

    • (a) Intense cultivation

    • (b) Deforestation

    • (c) Over-irrigation ✅

    • (d) Overgrazing

    Explanation: Excessive irrigation in Punjab leads to waterlogging and soil salinity, degrading agricultural land.

  4. Where is terrace cultivation practiced?

    • (a) Punjab

    • (b) Haryana

    • (c) Uttar Pradesh plains

    • (d) Uttarakhand ✅

    Explanation: Terrace farming is common in hilly regions like Uttarakhand to prevent soil erosion.

  5. Which state has black soil?

    • (a) Jammu & Kashmir

    • (b) Gujarat ✅

    • (c) Rajasthan

    • (d) Jharkhand

    Explanation: Black soil (Regur soil) is found in Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh, ideal for cotton cultivation.

Short Answer Questions 

Q2: Answer in 30 Words

(i) Name three states with black soil and the main crop grown.

  • States: Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh

  • Main Crop: Cotton

(ii) Which soil is found in Eastern Coast river deltas? Mention three features.

  • Soil Type: Alluvial soil

  • Features:

    1. Highly fertile, ideal for rice and sugarcane.

    2. Rich in potash, phosphoric acid, and lime.

    3. Composed of sand, silt, and clay.

(iii) How to control soil erosion in hilly areas?

  • Contour ploughing (ploughing along slopes).

  • Terrace farming (step cultivation on hills).

  • Strip cropping (alternating crops with grass strips).

(iv) Define biotic and abiotic resources with examples.

  • Biotic: Derived from living organisms (e.g., forests, animals).

  • Abiotic: Non-living elements (e.g., rocks, minerals, water).

Long Answer Questions – 120 Words

Q3: Explain Land Use in India & Forest Cover Stagnation

India’s land use includes:

  • Agricultural land (54%) – Major crops like wheat, rice.

  • Forests (22.5%) – Slow growth due to deforestation, mining.

  • Wasteland (miscellaneous uses) – Rocky, arid zones.

Why has forest cover not increased since 1960?

  • Deforestation for urbanization & agriculture.

  • Overgrazing & mining degrading land.

  • Poor conservation policies leading to slow afforestation.

Q4: How Does Development Increase Resource Consumption?

  • Colonial exploitation drained India’s resources.

  • Technology & industrialization demand more raw materials.

  • Population growth due to medical advancements increases demand.

  • Economic progress leads to higher consumption patterns.

Additional MCQs for Practice

  1. Which soil is best for cotton?

    • (a) Regur soil ✅

    • (b) Laterite soil

    • (c) Desert soil

  2. What controls land degradation in deserts?

    • (a) Strip cropping

    • (b) Shelter belts ✅

  3. What is ‘badland’ topography?

    • (a) Ravines in Chambal basin ✅

Final Tips:

✔ Revise key soil types (Alluvial, Black, Laterite).
✔ Practice map-based questions on resource distribution.
✔ Focus on sustainable development concepts.

Need more help? Drop your questions below! 

Class 10 Social Science resource and development notes in PDF

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