Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 Question Answers

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Important Terms of the Chapter Natural Vegetation and Wildlife are as follows:

Natural vegetation refers to the plant life that grows naturally in a region without any human intervention. It is influenced by various factors such as climate, soil, topography, and latitude.

There are different types of natural vegetation based on their characteristics and the prevailing climatic conditions. Some of the major types include tropical rainforests, deciduous forests, coniferous forests, grasslands, and deserts.

Tropical rainforests are dense forests found near the equator. They have a hot and humid climate with abundant rainfall throughout the year. These forests are characterized by tall, evergreen trees with a dense undergrowth of shrubs and vines.

Deciduous forests are found in temperate regions with distinct seasons. The trees in these forests shed their leaves during the winter and regrow them in the spring. They have a moderate climate with sufficient rainfall.

Coniferous forests are also found in temperate regions, but they have a colder climate with snowfall during the winter. These forests are dominated by evergreen trees with needle-like leaves, such as pine and fir trees.

Grasslands are vast areas covered with grasses and herbs. They are found in regions with moderate rainfall and a dry season. Grasslands can be further classified into tropical grasslands (savannas) and temperate grasslands (prairies).

Deserts are arid regions with little or no rainfall. They have extreme temperatures, with hot days and cold nights. Deserts support sparse vegetation, such as cacti and succulents, adapted to survive in harsh conditions.

Wildlife refers to the animals that live in a particular habitat. The type of wildlife found in a region depends on the natural vegetation and the availability of food and water.

Natural vegetation and wildlife are interconnected. Plants provide food and shelter for animals, while animals help in seed dispersal and pollination. Human activities, such as deforestation and pollution, can harm natural vegetation and wildlife.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 Natural vegetation and wildlife Question Answers

Questions and answers related to “Natural Vegetation and Wildlife” are written below:

Lesson -3 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

I. MCQs

1.a, 2a, 3.a, 4.d, 5.c

II. Fill in the blanks-
1. National parks
2. Scrubs
3. Wood
4. Monsoon
5. Ostriches
III. True or False
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True 5. False
IV. Very short answers-
1. Four types of natural vegetation:
(1) Tropical evergreen forests.
(2) Tropical deciduous forests.
(3) Thorn forests
(4) Mountain Forests.
2. Temperate evergreen trees are found in the Mediterranean region.
3. Thorny and scrubs types of vegetation like kikar, babul, and date palms are found in the desert areas..
4. Temperate grasslands are found between 30° to 55° latitudes in both hemispheres.
5. Penguins are found in Antarctica.
V. Short answers-
1. Tropical evergreen forests do not shed their leaves at the same time. The main trees are ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber, and cinchona.
2. Some animals are facing the risk of extinction, they are known as endangered animals. Eg. tiger, cheetah, panda.
3. Tropical grasslands are found between the equatorial forests and the tropical desert. These areas experience moderate rainfall and dry season. The tall grasses grow in this area. The temperate grasslands are found between 30° to 55° latitudes in both hemispheres. These are found where extreme climate and moderate rainfall are found.
4. South America is one of the richest in wildlife. It is home of Rhea, ostrich. Llamas, anacondas, pumas, jaguars, alligators, and giant turtles are also found here. Reindeer, arctic foxes, polar bears, caribou, and mountain lions are found in North America.
5. We can conserve forests by:

i. Afforestation
ii. Encouraging social forestry
iii. Protection from forest five
iv. discoursing shifting cultivation
v. protect the forest reserves and
vi. use of alternative fuel resources.
VI. Answer in detail
1. Tropical evergreen forests: They are found in tropical regions where heavy rainfall occurs throughout the year. They do not shed their leaves at the same time and always appear green. The main trees are ebony, mahogany, rubber, etc.
Temperature evergreen forests: They are found in the Mediterranean region. These do not shed their thick needle-shaped leaves, so look green. eg. olive, cork, etc.
2. Mediterranean forests are known as temperate evergreen trees. As these are found in the Mediterranean region. So they are called so. These mostly grow in southern China, southern Japan, South-Eastern Brazil, south-eastern Australia, and the south-eastern U.S.A. They do not shed their thick needle-shaped leaves and look evergreen. These trees have commercial importance and are used for various purposes such as making pulp, plywood, etc.
3. Importance of wildlife:
(i) They provide us with many things, such as meat, milk wool, silk, and hides. Men depend on animals for their needs of food.
(ii) Wildlife enhances the beauty of a region, it attracts tourists. It is a source of foreign exchange. (iii) Dead and decaying plants and animals also produce humus. Humus maintains the fertility of the soil.

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